Title | Two waves of de novo methylation during mouse germ cell development. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2014 |
Authors | Molaro A, Falciatori I, Hodges E, Aravin AA, Marran K, Rafii S, W McCombie R, Smith AD, Hannon GJ |
Journal | Genes Dev |
Volume | 28 |
Issue | 14 |
Pagination | 1544-9 |
Date Published | 2014 Jul 15 |
ISSN | 1549-5477 |
Keywords | Animals, Cellular Reprogramming, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Male, Mice, Retroelements, RNA, Small Interfering, Spermatocytes, Spermatogenesis, Transcription, Genetic |
Abstract | <p>During development, mammalian germ cells reprogram their epigenomes via a genome-wide erasure and de novo rewriting of DNA methylation marks. We know little of how methylation patterns are specifically determined. The piRNA pathway is thought to target the bulk of retrotransposon methylation. Here we show that most retrotransposon sequences are modified by default de novo methylation. However, potentially active retrotransposon copies evade this initial wave, likely mimicking features of protein-coding genes. These elements remain transcriptionally active and become targets of piRNA-mediated methylation. Thus, we posit that these two waves play essential roles in resetting germ cell epigenomes at each generation.</p> |
DOI | 10.1101/gad.244350.114 |
Alternate Journal | Genes Dev |
PubMed ID | 25030694 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC4102761 |
Grant List | R01 HG006015 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States RC2 HD064459 / HD / NICHD NIH HHS / United States / HHMI / Howard Hughes Medical Institute / United States 21143 / CRUK_ / Cancer Research UK / United Kingdom HG006015 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States P30 CA045508 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R37 GM062534 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States R37GM062534 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States 5RC2HD064459-01 / HD / NICHD NIH HHS / United States |