Title | Mechanisms of Lung Injury Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2022 |
Authors | Upadhya S, Rehman J, Malik AB, Chen S |
Journal | Physiology (Bethesda) |
Volume | 37 |
Issue | 2 |
Pagination | 88-100 |
Date Published | 2022 Mar 01 |
ISSN | 1548-9221 |
Keywords | Antiviral Agents, COVID-19, Humans, Lung, Lung Injury, SARS-CoV-2 |
Abstract | <p>The lung is the major target organ of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes COVID-19. Here, we outline the multistep mechanisms of lung epithelial and endothelial injury induced by SARS-CoV-2: direct viral infection, chemokine/cytokine-mediated damage, and immune cell-mediated lung injury. Finally, we discuss the recent progress in terms of antiviral therapeutics as well as the development of anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches. This review also provides a systematic overview of the models for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection and discusses how an understanding of mechanisms of lung injury will help identify potential targets for future drug development to mitigate lung injury.</p> |
DOI | 10.1152/physiol.00033.2021 |
Alternate Journal | Physiology (Bethesda) |
PubMed ID | 34698589 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC8873036 |
Grant List | DP3 DK111907 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01 DK130454 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01 HL162308 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 HL149300 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 DK119667 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01 DK124463 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01 DK116075 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States U01 DK127777 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States P30 DK020541 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States |